Integral Calculus formulas

compiled by your tutor Shariq Hussain.

Think Success... Think... Shariq Hussain.

Explore a collection of common integration formulas with this comprehensive guide. From power rules to trigonometric substitutions, find the formulas you need for integral calculus.

Table of Contents

Constant Rule

cdx=cx+C

∫ c dx = cx + C

The integral of a constant 'c' with respect to 'x' is equal to 'cx' plus a constant 'C'.

Power Rule

xndx=xn+1n+1+C,n-1

∫ x^n dx = (x(n+1))/(n+1) + C, (n ≠ -1)

The integral of 'x' raised to the power of 'n' with respect to 'x' is equal to '(x^(n+1))/(n+1)' plus a constant 'C' (where 'n' is not equal to -1).

Exponential Rule

exdx=ex+C

∫ e^x dx = e^x + C

The integral of 'e' raised to the power of 'x' with respect to 'x' is equal to 'e^x' plus a constant 'C'.

ekxdx=ekxk+C

∫ e^(kx) dx = (e^(kx))/k + C

The integral of the exponential function 'e' raised to the power of 'kx' with respect to 'x' is equal to '(e^(kx))/k' plus a constant 'C'.

Logarithmic Rule

1xdx=ln|x|+C

∫ (1/x) dx = ln|x| + C

The integral of '1' divided by 'x' with respect to 'x' is equal to the natural logarithm of the absolute value of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Trigonometric Functions

Integral formula: sin(x)

sin(x)dx=-cos(x)+C

∫ sin(x) dx = -cos(x) + C

The integral of the sine function with respect to 'x' is equal to the negative cosine of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Integral formula: cos(x)

cos(x)dx=sin(x)+C

∫ cos(x) dx = sin(x) + C

The integral of the cosine function with respect to 'x' is equal to the sine of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Integral formula: sec(x) sec(x)

sec2(x)dx=tan(x)+C

∫ sec^2(x) dx = tan(x) + C

The integral of the secant squared function with respect to 'x' is equal to the tangent of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Integral formula: cosec(x) cosec(x)

csc2(x)dx=-cot(x)+C

∫ csc^2(x) dx = -cot(x) + C

The integral of the cosecant squared function with respect to 'x' is equal to the negative cotangent of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Integral formula: sec(x) tan(x)

sec(x)tan(x)dx=sec(x)+C

∫ sec(x)tan(x) dx = sec(x) + C

The integral of the secant of 'x' multiplied by the tangent of 'x' with respect to 'x' is equal to the secant of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Integral formula: cosec(x) cot(x)

csc(x)cot(x)dx=-csc(x)+C

∫ csc(x)cot(x) dx = -csc(x) + C

The integral of the cosecant of 'x' multiplied by the cotangent of 'x' with respect to 'x' is equal to the negative cosecant of 'x' plus a constant 'C'.

Inverse Trigonometric Functions

11-x2dx=arcsin(x)+C

∫ 1/(√(1-x^2)) dx = arcsin(x) + C

11+x2dx=arctan(x)+C

∫ 1/(1+x^2) dx = arctan(x) + C

1|x|x2-1dx=arcsec|x|+C

∫ 1/|x|(√(x^2-1)) dx = arcsec|x| + C

Integration by Parts

udv=uv-vdu

∫ u dv = uv - ∫ v du

Trigonometric Substitutions

a2-x2dx=12[xa2-x2+a2arcsin(xa)]+C

∫ √(a^2 - x^2) dx = (1/2) [x√(a^2 - x^2) + a^2 arcsin(x/a)] + C

The integral of the square root of 'a^2 - x^2' with respect to 'x' can be evaluated using a trigonometric substitution.

x2+a2dx=12[xx2+a2+a2ln(x+x2+a2)]+C

∫ √(x^2 + a^2) dx = (1/2) [x√(x^2 + a^2) + a^2 ln(x + √(x^2 + a^2))] + C

The integral of the square root of 'x^2 + a^2' with respect to 'x' can be evaluated using a trigonometric substitution.

x2-a2dx=12[xx2-a2-a2ln(x+x2-a2)]+C

∫ √(x^2 - a^2) dx = (1/2) [x√(x^2 - a^2) - a^2 ln(x + √(x^2 - a^2))] + C

The integral of the square root of 'x^2 - a^2' with respect to 'x' can be evaluated using a trigonometric substitution.

Partial Fraction Decomposition

Ax+B(x2+px+q)dx

=A2ln|x2+px+q|

+(2B-Ap) 4q-p2 arctan ( 2x+p 4q-p2 ) + C

∫ (Ax + B)/(x^2 + px + q) dx = (A/2) ln|x^2 + px + q| + (2B-Ap)/√(4p-p^2) arctan((2x+p)/√(4p-p^2)) + C

The integral of a rational function with respect to 'x' can be evaluated using partial fraction decomposition.

Integration by Substitution

Integration Formula: Chain Rule of Integration

f[g(x)]*g′(x)dx=f(u)du

∫ f(g(x)) * g'(x) dx = ∫ f(u) du

Definite Integral

abf(x)dx=F(b)-F(a)

ab f(x) dx = F(b) - F(a)

Trigonometric Identities

Integral formula: ∫ sin(x)cos(x) dx

sin(x)cos(x)dx=12sin2(x)+C

∫ sin(x)cos(x) dx = (1/2)sin^2(x) + C

Integral formula: ∫ cos(x) cos(x) dx

cos2(x)dx=12(x+sin(x)cos(x))+C

∫ cos^2(x) dx = (1/2)(x + sin(x)cos(x)) + C

Integral formula: ∫ sec(x)tan(x) dx

sec(x)tan(x)dx=sec(x)+C

∫ sec(x)tan(x) dx = sec(x) + C

Awards Achieved

002+

Yes! won awards, which bosted moral & confidence.

Clients Served

690+

Yes! The number of clients served on one to one basis.

Satisfied Clients

375+

Yes! Love to satisfy clients, especially with no sugar.

Hours Consulted

28k+

Yes! The accumulated hours experienced in consulting.